Indian Council of Agricultural Research
CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Assessment of finfish and shellfish species were carried out for a period of three years through continuous surveys (400 gillnet fishing experiments) with a total fishing effort of 100 fishing days along the Zuari estuary. This study yielded 286 finfish and shellfish species comprising of 156 demersal fish, 68 pelagic fish, 38 molluscan and 24 crustacean species. The species observed in this study covered all the trophic levels in the food web as well as the ecologically vulnerable and less resilient species (20-25%). Majority of the commercially important species of Zuari estuary were also collected in this study contribute to 70% of the catch. Thus, this inventory forms comprehensive information about the finfish and shellfish diversity in Zuari estuary during 2013 to 2016
Studies on the hydrozoan fauna (Phylum: Cnidaria; Class: Hydrozoa) of the Indian waters during the 20th century were few in number (Nagale and Apte, 2013a, b). They originated in the early 1900s (Annandale, 1907; Ritchie, 1910, Thornely, 1916, Gravely, 1927), focussing on the taxonomy of hydroids in the 1960s along the southern coast, including Lakshadweep and Andaman Islands (Mammen, 1963, 1965a, b) and in the 1980s along the northern coast (Venugopalan & Wagh, 1986). Species of the hydrozoan family Cladonematidae (Anthoathecata; Capitata) include benthic, creeping and swimming hydroids comprising four genera viz., Cladonema, Eleutheria, Staurocladia and the nomen dubium Dendronema (Schuchert, 2021). Cladonema differs from other genera of Cladonematidae by the branched tentacles either with an adhesive structure or cnidocytes and having nematocysts in oral knobs (Ghory et al., 2020 & Farias et al., 2020). The taxonomy of Cladonema is uncertain and species in the genus have undergone several rounds of grouping and splitting. Gershwin & Zeidler (2008) gave a detailed account of 13 putative species of Cladonema. However, Schuchert (2021) considered six species to be valid viz., C. radiatum, C. californicum, C. myersi, C. novaezelandiae, C. pacificum and C. timmsii. Studies on the genus Cladonema from Indian waters are patchy, with a brief report of its occurrence among other hydroids (Sastry and Chandramohan, 1989; Santhakumari and Nair, 1999; Arun et al., 2018). Among these records from India, C. myersi was collected from an experimental aquarium with seawater from an unknown location (Prasad, 1961). The present study documents the occurrence and describes the morphology and gonadal features of Cladonema radiatum from Tuticorin Bay, Gulf of Mannar, Southeast coast of India.
Chromene derivatives with manifold structural framework and pharmacological properties were ubiquitous in the mollusks of marine origin. A previously undescribed 1H benzochromenone was isolated through bioassay guided chromatographic purification of the organic extract of the marine gastropod mollusk Chicoreus ramosus.The attenuating potential of the studied compound against pro inflammatory 5 lipoxygenase was significantly greater than that exhibited by antiinflammatory drug ibuprofen whereas its inhibitory properties against carbolytic a-amylase was comparable with that displayed by acarboseThe present study recognised the potential of 1H benzochromenone derivative isolated from C. ramosus as important pharmaceutical lead with anti-diabetic and anti inflammatory potentials to reduce the risk of hyperglycaemia and inflammatory pathologies.
The vertebrate mitochondrial genome is characterized by an exceptional organization evolving towards a reduced size. However the persistence of a non-coding and highly variable control region is against this evolutionary trend that is explained by the presence of conserved sequence motifs or binding sites for nuclear-organized proteins that regulate mtDNA maintenance and expression.
The tumor suppressor proteins p53 and p27 exhibited a significant role in the survival of cells and regulation of cellular division and growth. In majority of the human tumors, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma, these proteins are inactivated by mutation or deletion, and are considered to predict the pathophysiology related to liver cancer. The present study evaluated the activation of the p53 and p27 pathways as a useful therapeutic tool to attenuate hepatocellular carcinoma. Three undescribed homologous chromanone derivatives, hyrtiosones A C were isolated from the organic extract of marine demosponge Hyrtios erectus. Preliminary bioactivity assessments found that hyrtiosone A exhibited prospective anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Molecular docking analysis of the hyrtiosones using p53-murine double minute complex revealed lesser docking parameters for hyrtiosone A
Climate change impact varies at regional as well as species level and accordingly research needs to be focused on exploring the region-wise influence of oceanographic variations on key marine species. The present study depicts the annual and decadal fluctuations in Indian mackerel fishery along Kerala coast of southeastern Arabian Sea over a time period of 31 years, its relationship between four major oceanographic variables and future predictions under two Representative Concentration Pathways. Coast specific changes of these oceanographic variables since 1960 provide a baseline status of the existing climatic conditions of the marine ecosystem of the SEAS whereas, the RCP projections till 2100 provide an insight to the future conditions. Generalized Additive Models has been used to comprehend the relation among the Weighted CPUE and Relative effort of Indian mackerel and the four major oceanographic variables. The GAM model could explain 68.9 % and 71.1 % deviance of cpue and Effort respectively. The future catch potential of Indian mackerel predicted under both RCP scenarios for the period 2020 2100 also show reduction, with the latter exhibiting a more drastic reduction. The study implies that for sustainable long-term fishery and to reduce the impact of climate change on Indian mackerel, the fishing pressure has to be maintained at low and healthy level.
