Indian Council of Agricultural Research
CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
This paper overviews the role of exotic fishes in providing ecosystem services such as employment, economy, efficiency, exchange and equity using various case studies in the Indian subcontinent in a socio economic perspective. Case study I identified that the culture period of exotics especially Tilapia species created a total labour requirement of 840 labour days compared to agricultural labour. Case study II identified a 20% increase in contribution of share of the fisheries sector during 2010 2019 to the country’s national Gross Value Added due to exotics. Case III found that the fisheries export earnings of exotics in fiscal year 2019 20 increased to over 6678.69 million USD from 2132.84 million USD in 2009 2010. Positive effects of exotics taking ecosystem services into account, despite the need for controlling invasive species for the ecology.
The adaptive genetic variation in response to heterogeneous habitats of the Indian Ocean was investigated in the Indian oil sardine using ddRAD sequencing to understand the subpopulation structure, stock complexity, mechanisms of resilience, and vulnerability in the face of climate change. Samples were collected from different ecoregions of the Indian ocean and ddRAD sequencing was carried out. Population genetic analyses revealed that samples from the Gulf of Oman significantly diverged from other Indian Ocean samples. SNP allele-environment correlation revealed the presence of candidate loci correlated with the environmental variables like annual sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, and dissolved oxygen concentration which might represent genomic regions allegedly diverging as a result of local adaptation. Larval dispersal modelling along the southwest coast of India indicated a high dispersal rate. The two major subpopulations (Gulf of Oman and Indian) need to be managed regionally to ensure the preservation of genetic diversity, which is crucial for climatic resilience.
The rise in antibiotic resistant bacterial strains prompting nosocomial infections drives the search for new bioactive sub stances of promising antibacterial properties. The surfaces of seaweeds are rich in heterotrophic bacteria with prospective antimicrobial substances. This study aimed to isolate antibacterial leads from a seaweed-associated bacterium. Heterotrophic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 12716 associated with the seaweed Hypnea valentiae, was isolated and screened for anti microbial properties against drug-resistant pathogens.
The threat posed by invasive non-native species worldwide requires a global approach to identify which introduced species are likely to pose an elevated risk of impact to native species and ecosystems. To inform policy, stakeholders and management decisions on global threats to aquatic ecosystems, 195 assessors representing 120 risk assessment areas across all six inhabited continents screened 819 non-native species from 15 groups of aquatic organisms (freshwater, brackish, marine plants and animals) using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. This multi-lingual decision support tool for the risk screening of aquatic organisms provides assessors with risk scores for a species under current and future climate change conditions that, following a statistically based calibration, permits the accurate classification of species into high, medium and low risk categories under current and predicted climate conditions.
The present paper describes Filisoma argusum n. sp. an acanthocephalan parasite infecting the intestine of the spotted scat, Scatophagus argus, in the south-west coast of India.Histopathological changes at the site of parasite attachment included inflammation, hemorrhage, sloughing of epithelium, and detachment of mucosal layer of the intestine. In molecular and phylogenetic analyses, the parasite occupied an independent position within the Cavisomatidae clade with high bootstrap values. Considering the morphologic and morphometric differences with previously described species of Filisoma along with its phylogenetic positioning, the present acanthocephalan is treated as a new species and the name Filisoma argusum n. sp. is proposed
The present study reports a case of hepatic microsporidiosis caused by Microgemma sp. in brackishwater fish, Boleophthalmus dussumieri, from the west coast of India. An eight-month study from September 2017 to April 2018 revealed a prevalence of 11.7% for this parasite.Accordingly, in the phylogenetic tree, the present species of Microgemma clustered with M. tilanpasiri. Even though, the morphomeristic characters of the present Microgemma sp. was marginally different from the reported M. tilanpsasiri; the SSU rDNA showed considerably higher similarity with M. tilanpasiri. Thus, we report the species of Microgemma as Microgemma aff. tilanpasiri from a new host. This is the first report of a microsporidian from B. dussumieri and the first record of the genus Microgemma from India
